Latex排版系统中的数学符号

LaTeX 数学符号速查表

1. 希腊字母

符号	LaTeX 代码	符号	LaTeX 代码
	\alpha		\Alpha
	\beta		\Beta
	\gamma		\Gamma
	\delta		\Delta
	\epsilon		\Epsilon
	\varepsilon
	\zeta		\Zeta
	\eta		\Eta
	\theta		\Theta
	\vartheta
	\iota		\Iota
	\kappa		\Kappa
	\lambda		\Lambda
	\mu		\Mu
	\nu		\Nu
	\xi		\Xi
	\pi		\Pi
	\varpi
	\rho		\Rho
	\varrho
	\sigma		\Sigma
	\varsigma
	\tau		\Tau
	\upsilon		\Upsilon
	\phi		\Phi
	\varphi
	\chi		\Chi
	\psi		\Psi
	\omega		\Omega

2. 数学运算符

符号	LaTeX 代码	符号	LaTeX 代码
	+		-
	\times		\div
	\pm		\mp
	\cdot		\ast
	\star		\circ
	\bullet		\dagger
	\ddagger		\amalg
	\cap		\cup
	\uplus		\sqcap
	\sqcup		\vee
	\wedge		\oplus
	\otimes		\ominus
	\oslash		\odot
	\circledast		\circledcirc
	\circleddash		\bigcirc
	\triangleright		\triangleleft
	\bigtriangleup		\bigtriangledown
	\lhd		\rhd
	\unlhd		\unrhd
	\dotplus		\centerdot
	\intercal		\doublebarwedge
	\ltimes		\rtimes
	\leftthreetimes		\rightthreetimes
	\curlywedge		\curlyvee
	\Cap		\Cup
	\boxplus		\boxminus
	\boxtimes		\boxdot

3. 关系符号

符号	LaTeX 代码	符号	LaTeX 代码
	=		\neq
	\equiv		\approx
	\cong		\sim
	\simeq		\propto
	<		>
	\leq		\geq
	\leqq		\geqq
	\lneq		\gneq
	\ll		\gg
	\lll		\ggg
	\prec		\succ
	\preceq		\succeq
	\precsim		\succsim
	\subset		\supset
	\subseteq		\supseteq
	\subsetneq		\supsetneq
	\in		\ni
	\notin		\not\in
	\perp		\mid
	\parallel		\nparallel
	\asymp		\bowtie
	\Join		\vdash
	\dashv		\models
	\smile		\frown
	\doteq		\doteqdot
	\widehat{=}		\triangleq
	\equiv		\simeq
	\approxeq		\lesssim
	\gtrsim		\lessapprox
	\gtrapprox		\eqslantless
	\eqslantgtr		\lessgtr
	\gtrless		\lesseqgtr
	\gtreqless		\lesseqqgtr
	\gtreqqless		\backepsilon
	\between		\Bumpeq
	\bumpeq		\circeq
	\curlyeqprec		\curlyeqsucc
	\Doteq		\doteqdot
	\eqcirc		\fallingdotseq
	\risingdotseq		\preccurlyeq
	\succcurlyeq		\sqsubset
	\sqsupset		\sqsubseteq
	\sqsupseteq		\Subset
	\Supset		\subseteqq
	\supseteqq		\thickapprox
	\thicksim		\varpropto
	\Vdash		\vDash
	\Vvdash		\therefore
	\because

4. 箭头符号

符号	LaTeX 代码	符号	LaTeX 代码
	\leftarrow		\Leftarrow
	\rightarrow		\Rightarrow
	\leftrightarrow		\Leftrightarrow
	\longleftarrow		\Longleftarrow
	\longrightarrow		\Longrightarrow
	\longleftrightarrow		\Longleftrightarrow
	\uparrow		\Uparrow
	\downarrow		\Downarrow
	\updownarrow		\Updownarrow
	\nearrow		\searrow
	\swarrow		\nwarrow
	\hookleftarrow		\hookrightarrow
	\leftarrowtail		\rightarrowtail
	\leftrightarrows		\rightleftarrows
	\Lsh		\Rsh
	\looparrowleft		\looparrowright
	\curvearrowleft		\curvearrowright
	\circlearrowleft		\circlearrowright
	\dashleftarrow		\dashrightarrow
	\twoheadleftarrow		\twoheadrightarrow
	\leftleftarrows		\rightrightarrows
	\upuparrows		\downdownarrows
	\leftrightharpoons		\rightleftharpoons
	\nleftarrow		\nrightarrow
	\nLeftarrow		\nRightarrow
	\nleftrightarrow		\nLeftrightarrow
	\rightharpoonup		\rightharpoondown
	\leftharpoonup		\leftharpoondown
	\upharpoonleft		\upharpoonright
	\downharpoonleft		\downharpoonright
	\leftharpoons		\rightharpoons
	\mapsto		\longmapsto
	\to		\gets
	\iff		\implies
	\impliedby		\leadsto
	\xleftarrow{...}		\xrightarrow{...}
	\xleftrightarrow{...}		\xLeftarrow{...}
	\xRightarrow{...}		\xLeftrightarrow{...}

5. 集合与逻辑符号

符号	LaTeX 代码	符号	LaTeX 代码
	\emptyset		\varnothing
	\in		\notin
	\not\in		\ni
	\notni		\subset
	\supset		\subseteq
	\supseteq		\subsetneq
	\supsetneq		\subseteqq
	\supseteqq		\subsetneqq
	\supsetneqq		\Cap
	\Cup		\sqsubset
	\sqsupset		\sqsubseteq
	\sqsupseteq		\sqcap
	\sqcup		\bigsqcup
	\bigcup		\bigcap
	\bigodot		\bigoplus
	\bigotimes		\biguplus
	\bigvee		\bigwedge
	\bigtriangleup		\bigtriangledown
	\forall		\exists
	\nexists		\neg
	\lnot		\land
	\lor		\wedge
	\vee		\cup
	\cap		\setminus
	\smallsetminus		\backslash
	\complement		\partial
	\infty		\aleph
	\beth		\gimel
	\daleth		\Finv
	\Game		\Im
	\Re		\wp

6. 微积分与特殊函数

符号	LaTeX 代码
	\int
	\iint
	\iiint
	\iiiint
	\oint
	\oiint
	\oiiint
	\intop
	\sum
	\prod
	\coprod
	\lim
	\liminf
	\limsup
	\infty
	\nabla
	\partial
	\mathrm{d}
	\Delta
	\nabla
	\grad
	\Grad
	\div
	\curl
	\exp
	\log
	\ln
	\lg
	\log_{2}
	\max
	\min
	\arg
	\deg
	\det
	\dim
	\gcd
	\hom
	\ker
	\Pr
	\sup
	\inf
	\injlim
	\projlim
	\varinjlim
	\varprojlim
	\varliminf
	\varlimsup

7. 大型运算符

符号	LaTeX 代码
	\sum_{i=1}^{n}
	\prod_{i=1}^{n}
	\coprod_{i=1}^{n}
	\int_{a}^{b}
	\iint_{D}
	\iiint_{V}
	\oint_{C}
	\bigcup_{i=1}^{n}
	\bigcap_{i=1}^{n}
	\bigsqcup_{i=1}^{n}
	\bigvee_{i=1}^{n}
	\bigwedge_{i=1}^{n}
	\bigoplus_{i=1}^{n}
	\bigotimes_{i=1}^{n}
	\biguplus_{i=1}^{n}
	\bigsqcup
	\bigsqcap
	\bigcurlyvee
	\bigcurlywedge

8. 括号与分隔符

符号	LaTeX 代码
	( )
	[ ]
	\{ \}
	\langle \rangle
	\lceil \rceil
	\lfloor \rfloor
	\lvert \rvert
	\lVert \rVert
	\vert
	\Vert
	\mid
	\nmid
	\parallel
	\nparallel
	\backslash
	/
	\{ \}
	\ulcorner \urcorner
	\llcorner \lrcorner

9. 定界符

符号	LaTeX 代码
	\left( \right)
	\left[ \right]
	\left\{ \right\}
	\left\langle \right\rangle
	\left\lceil \right\rceil
	\left\lfloor \right\rfloor
	\left\lvert \right\rvert
	\left\lVert \right\rVert
$\left	~\right
	\left| \right|
	\left/ ~\right\backslash

10. 数学重音符号

符号	LaTeX 代码
	\hat{x}
	\bar{x}
	\tilde{x}
	\vec{x}
	\dot{x}
	\ddot{x}
	\dddot{x}
	\grave{x}
	\acute{x}
	\breve{x}
	\check{x}
	\mathring{x}
	\widetilde{xxx}
	\widehat{xxx}
	\overline{xxx}
	\underline{xxx}
	\overbrace{xxx}
	\underbrace{xxx}
	\overrightarrow{xxx}
	\overleftarrow{xxx}
	\overleftrightarrow{xxx}

11. 数学字体

字体	LaTeX 代码	示例
默认	ABCabc
粗体	\mathbf{ABCabc}
斜体	\mathit{ABCabc}
罗马体	\mathrm{ABCabc}
手写体	\mathcal{ABC}
花体	\mathscr{ABC}
德式花体	\mathfrak{ABCabc}
等宽体	\mathtt{ABCabc}
黑板粗体	\mathbb{ABC}
粗体符号	\boldsymbol{\alpha}
正粗体	\pmb{\alpha}

12. 下标、上标与分式

符号	LaTeX 代码
	x^{2}
	x_{2}
	x_{2}^{3}
	{x^{y}}^{z}
	\frac{1}{2}
	\dfrac{1}{2}
	\tfrac{1}{2}
	\binom{n}{k}
	\dbinom{n}{k}
	\tbinom{n}{k}
	{n \choose k}
	{x \atop y}
	\genfrac{()}{0pt}{}{n}{k}

13. 根号与分数

符号	LaTeX 代码
	\sqrt{2}
	\sqrt[3]{2}
	\sqrt[n]{x}
	\frac{x}{y}
	\dfrac{x}{y}
	\tfrac{x}{y}
	\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}}
	\cfrac{1}{2}
	\overline{x}
	\underline{x}
	\overbrace{x+y}
	\underbrace{x+y}
	\overline{\overline{x}}

14. 矩阵

符号	LaTeX 代码
	\begin{matrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{matrix}
	\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}
	\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}
	\begin{Bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{Bmatrix}
	\begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix}
	\begin{Vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{Vmatrix}
	\begin{smallmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{smallmatrix}
	\substack{a\\b}

15. 特殊符号

符号	LaTeX 代码
	\hbar
	\hslash
	\imath
	\jmath
	\ell
	\wp
	\Re
	\Im
	\S
	\P
	\dag
	\ddag
	\pounds
	\textsterling
	\yen
	\surd
	\degree
	\mho
	\eth
	\Finv
	\Game
	\maltese
	\star
	\bigstar
	\ast
	\times
	\cdot
	\bullet
	\circ
	\bigcirc
	\dagger
	\ddagger
	\diamond
	\Diamond
	\lozenge
	\angle
	\measuredangle
	\sphericalangle
	\top
	\bot
	\perp
	\mid
	\nmid
	\parallel
	\nparallel
	\shortmid
	\shortparallel
	\diagup
	\diagdown

16. 数学空格

空格	LaTeX 代码	宽度
	\,	3/18 em
	\>	4/18 em
	\;	5/18 em
	\	标准空格
	\!	-3/18 em
	\quad	1 em
	\qquad	2 em
	\hspace{1cm}	指定宽度
	\phantom{xx}	占位符
	\kern{1pt}	精确调整
	\mkern{-5mu}	数学单位调整

17. 数学结构

符号	LaTeX 代码
	a^{b}
	a_{b}
	{}^{t}A
	A^{\mathrm{T}}
	x'
	x''
	\bar{x}
	\tilde{x}
	\vec{x}
	\hat{x}
	\check{x}
	\grave{x}
	\acute{x}
	\dot{x}
	\ddot{x}
	\dddot{x}
	\breve{x}
	\mathring{x}

18. 其他杂项符号

符号	LaTeX 代码
	\Join
	\bowtie
	\ltimes
	\rtimes
	\leftthreetimes
	\rightthreetimes
	\curlywedge
	\curlyvee
	\boxplus
	\boxminus
	\boxtimes
	\boxdot
	\divideontimes
	\Vvdash
	\vDash
	\Vdash
	\intercal
	\circledcirc
	\circledast
	\circleddash
	\circledS
	\complement
	\circlearrowleft
	\circlearrowright
	\curvearrowleft
	\curvearrowright
	\Bbbk
	\Bumpeq
	\bumpeq
	\circeq
	\curlyeqprec
	\curlyeqsucc
	\Doteq
	\doteqdot
	\eqcirc
	\fallingdotseq
	\risingdotseq
	\preccurlyeq
	\succcurlyeq
	\therefore
	\because
	\between
	\trianglerighteq
	\trianglelefteq
	\vartriangle
	\blacktriangle
	\blacktriangledown
	\blacktriangleleft
	\blacktriangleright
	\blacksquare
	\blacklozenge
	\square
	\lozenge
	\triangle
	\triangledown
	\triangleleft
	\triangleright
	\triangleeq
	\circledR
	\circledS
	\Game
	\Finv
	\hbar
	\hslash
	\imath
	\jmath
	\ell
	\wp
	\Re
	\Im
	\aleph
	\beth
	\gimel
	\daleth
	\eth
	\mho
	\partial
	\nabla
	\infty
	\propto
	\varpropto
	\smallint
	\sharp
	\flat
	\natural
	\clubsuit
	\diamondsuit
	\heartsuit
	\spadesuit
	\checkmark
	\cross
	\maltese
	\star
	\bigstar
	\ast
	\times
	\cdot
	\bullet
	\circ
	\bigcirc
	\dagger
	\ddagger
	\diamond
	\Diamond
	\lozenge
	\angle
	\measuredangle
	\sphericalangle
	\top
	\bot
	\perp
	\mid
	\nmid
	\parallel
	\nparallel
	\shortmid
	\shortparallel
	\diagup
	\diagdown

19. 数学模式命令

命令	说明	示例
\quad	1em 空格
\qquad	2em 空格
\!	负空格
\;	中等空格
\:	小空格
\,	小小空格
\	标准空格
\text{...}	文本模式
\mbox{...}	文本框
\phantom{...}	占位符
\smash{...}	去除高度
\mathrlap{...}	右重叠
\mathllap{...}	左重叠
\mathclap{...}	中重叠
\displaystyle	显示样式
\textstyle	文本样式
\scriptstyle	脚本样式
\scriptscriptstyle	脚本脚本样式
\limits	上下限在上下方
\nolimits	上下限在右方
\overline{...}	上划线
\underline{...}	下划线
\overbrace{...}	上大括号
\underbrace{...}	下大括号